January
5
WELCOME
BACK!!
1.
Make sure that you include the ads for each system
2. Bring text books to class:
Classroom assignment, Chapter 4, Memory
Reading the text and digesting the information:
1. Physical Memory, P 178 - Paul
2. ROM on the System Board, Flash Memory- P 178 - 180 - Mike
3. RAM on the System Board, SRAM and Memory Caching- 180 - 182 - Joel
4. SRAM on the System Board - 182 - 184 - Jacob
5. Main Memory - SIMMS and DIMMs 184 - 185 - Sam
6. Other Ram Technologies, etc. 186 - 188 - Nick
7. What to Look for When Buying Memory Chips and Modules 188 - 189 - John
8. How DOS and Windows 9x View Memory 189 - 191 - Joel
9. Physical Memory and Memory Addresses 191 - 193 - Phil
10. Memory Mapping
Areas of the Memory Map - Paul
Conventional Memory - Sam
Upper Memory - Jacob
Extended Memory - John
Expanded & Virtual Memory - Nick
193 - 197* -
11. RAM Drives and Summary of How Memory is Managed 198 - Phil
12. Managing Memory with DOS, Using HIMEM.SYS 199 - 200 - Jacob
13. Using EMM386.exe 201 - 209* - Mike
14. Managing Memory with Windows 9x and Windows 9x Swap File 209 - 214* - Joel
15. The Ultimate Solution: Windows NT and Windows 2000 215 - 216 - Sam
16. Memory Management Troubleshooting Guidelines, Upgrading Memory, How much, Selecting Memory Types 217 - 223 - Matt
17. Reading Ads About Memory Modules 223 - 224 - Paul
18, Installing Memory 225 - 226 - John
Project Assignment: Double Credit Assignment
1. Read your section of Chapter
2. Create an Outline
3. Make notes on your assigned topic
5. Search other sources for information on your topic
6. Prepare a presentation on your area. You may use PPT, visuals of varying degrees, handouts, etc.
Stress the important and difficult to absorb concepts
Present samples
Present detailed information
Have diagrams
Review questions and answers
Key terms and definitions for your topic explained - Attach these to a separate handout for class
Which Chapter Summary items are relevant to your topic? Please itemize.
7. Find the review question (s) that are relevant to your topic. Answer the question in your presentation. p 232
8. You will be given a manila folder by the teacher. You are to insert a copy of your presentation, copies of articles from books, the Internet, interviews, etc. into this folder.
9. Everything is to be typed and professionally presented
You will be graded on the following:
1. Quality and thoroughness of presentation to class
2. Quality of contents of manila folder
3. Understanding of your topic by fellow classmates
4, Extra Credit for answering your section's applicable question on January 6 and 9 at the time of your presentation.
Due Friday - Homework
1. What is the difference between SRAM and DRAM?
2. How does the system board and other expansion devices use RAM chips.
3. Why is SRAM considered faster than DRAM?
4. What is the difference between ROM and RAM?
5. FLASH memory acts like (circle) primary, secondary storage because it (circle) does, does not lose its data when powered off. FLASH memory is (circle) faster, slower than conventional secondary storage devices, because it store data ____________________ rather than using __________________ and mechanical arms and platters.
6. RAM is normally installed either on the circuit boards called _____________, or ____________________ directly onto the system board.
7. Using a small amount of faster RAM to store recently retrieved data, in anticipation of what the CPU will next request, thus speeding up access is called ______________ ______________________.
8. _________________ doesn't need to be constantly refreshed like ______________ and therefore provides (circle) faster, slower data access and is ideal for memory caching.
9. List three locations that SRAM can be found:
10. SRAM is normally used as cache and can be installed in modules of ___________, __________, ___________, and _____________.
11. ___________________________________ synchronizes itself with the clock cycle of the CPU via a clock signal.
12. ____________________________________ sees data transfer as a two step process. First the ______________________ is sent, and then the data is sent. This process (circle) does, does not slow down the access time significantly and is (circle) more, less expensive than synchronous SRAM.
13. _____________________________ does not synchronize itself with the CPU, therefore it requires _________ clock cycle to lookup the address request sent to it by the CPU. This extra lookup cycle is what makes this RAM (circle) faster, slower than synchronous SRAM.
14 __________________________ is memory that is more expensive and slightly (circle) faster, slower, than pipelined burst SRAM. Data is sent as a (circle) one-step, two step process; that ____________________ is sent and then the ________________ is sent without interruption.
15. Cache is normally sold on a ________________________.
16. Some system boards are designed to support both synchronous and asynchronous SRAM, these (circle) can, cannot be used at the same time.
1. SIMMS are sold in sizes ranging from _____MB to _______MB
2. SIMMS are rated in ___________________. An access time of 60NS is (circle) faster/slower than 70NS.
3. ____________________an earlier memory mode used before the introduction of EDO memory.
4. ________________ a type of RAM that may be 10 - 20 % faster than conventional RAM because it eliminates the delay before it issues the next memory address.
5. ____________________________ Modules that are more expensive than SIMM modules and can operate at various speeds, depending on the bus speed, whereas SIMMs only operate at a single speed.
6. ____________________________ : A refined version of EDO memory that significantly improved access time over EDO. This is not widely used today because __________ chose not to support it. This memory is stored on _________-pin ____________ modules.
7. DRAM stands for ______________________________ and uses a 16-bit high-speed bus running at _____________ Mhz and provides a throughput of ____________ GB/sec
8. ECC stands for __________________________ and is a type of RAM that may be 10-20% faster than conventional RAM because it eliminates the __________________ before it issues the next memory address.
9. ECC memory costs a little (circle) more/less than standard memory but is also more reliable.
10. Ram is sold in two grades, high-grade or ___________ and low-grade or _______.
11. Check system board ______________________ for the correct memory speed to be used with your system board. Note: If memory speeds are mixed, for example 70NS with 80NS, all of the memory will be addressed at the (circle ) highest/slowest speed, in this case (circle ) 70NS/80NS.
12. Always match the metals used on the system board with the metal type on the SIMM. This will eliminate the possibility of a _________________. Note: A good rule to follow when working with memory is to match everything: (List four)
13. Most memory has to be installed in _________________.
14. A simple way to identify refurbished (remanufactured) SIMMs is to check the ________ on the RAM chips on the SIMM. Look for the data in the following format: ______________. Where Y is the ____________ the chip was made and W is the _______________ the chip was made
15. ________________________ chips have been returned to the manufacturer, marked again and sent back out. A quick way to tell the difference is to look at the RAM chip - if it has a shiny protective coating it is probably a new chip.
16.True/False. When installing memory into a PC it must always be installed in pairs.
17.True / False Conventional memory includes the first 128K of RAM.
18.True / False EDO stands for Extended Data Output.
19.True / False EDO RAM is faster than FPM RAM.
20. True / False FLASH memory is commonly used as cache for desktop PC’s.
21. If the following line was added to your CONFIG.SYS file what would it tell your computer to do?
DEVICE=C:\DOS\HIMEM.SYS
22. What will the following command tell your PC to do?
EDIT AUTOEXEC.BAT
Extra Credit Homework
1. What is the purpose of memory on a system?
2. Into what three (3) types can ROM/RAM be divided?
3. What is the difference between volatile and non-volatile memory?
4. What is burst mode?
5. What is interleaving?
6. How many levels of SRAM cache exist?
7. What formula is used to convert nanoseconds to MHz?
8. List the types of packaging for RAM.
9. Which features of memory does the system board designer determine?
10. Which features of memory do the system board chipset and real estate determine?
11.
Given the formula:
= Number of slots per bank,
A Pentium system has a 64-bit wide memory bus.
Therefore, its memory bank has to support 64 bits at a time.
The motherboard was designed to take 30-pin, 8-bit SIMMs.
How many slots per bank are needed?
12. State why gold and tin contacts cannot be mixed.
13. List the types of fault tolerance available.
14. List the features that must be matched when upgrading RAM.
15. Explain the 640-kilobyte barrier.
16.
List the phrases that each acronym abbreviates.
Example: USA Þ United States
of America
|
EMS |
HMA |
|
RAM |
ROM |
|
UMA |
XMS |
17. Define shadowing.
Using the
chart below, complete Questions 18
and 19.
18. Identify the six logical areas of system memory.
19. Give one (1) use for each area.
20.
What is interleaving?
21.
On which generation of systems does interleaving work best?
22.
What are some differences between DRAM and SRAM?
List 5
23.
How many levels of SRAM cache exist?
24 What formula is used to convert MHz to nanoseconds?
25. Generally, issues with memory types and technologies are noticed during the boot process. What parts of the boot process can be affected?
26. How can the corrosion be removed?
27. What features must be matched when upgrading RAM?
28. Which area of memory do real mode applications use?
29. Name one type of data kept in the BIOS data area
30. When POST counts RAM, why is the amount reported less than what is installed on the system?
31. How many programs can be located in the HMA at any given time?
32. Why does the 640-kilobyte barrier exist?
33. A client informs you that he has added 16 megabytes because an MS-DOS game reports “Out of memory.” Why does the system report this?
34. Why is the HMA dependent on the A20 address line?
35. What software program was developed to signal the 8042 keyboard controller?
36. Parity detection is disabled either by: (list two)