OCTOBER 7th 1918
Argonne Forest, France-- We lay in some little holes by the roadside all day.
That night we went and stayed a little while and come back to our little holes
and the shells busting all around us. I saw men just blown up by the big German
shells. So the order came for us to take hills 223 and 240 the 8th.
It was raining a little bit all day,
drizzly and very damp. Lots of big shells bursting all around us. We were not up
close enough for the machine guns to reach us, but airplanes were buzzing
overhead most all the time, just like a lot of hornets. Lots of men were killed
by the artillery fire. And lots more wounded.
We saw quite a lot of our machine gun
battalion across the road from us blown up by the big shells. The woods were all
mussed up and looked as if a terrible cyclone had swept through them.
But God would never be cruel enough to
create a cyclone as terrible as that Argonne battle. Only man would ever think
of doing an awful thing like that. It looked like "the abomination of
desolation" must look like. And all through the long night those big guns
flashed and growled just like the lightning and the thunder when it storms in
the mountains at home.
And, oh my, we had to pass the wounded.
And some of them were on stretchers going back to the dressing stations, and
some of them were lying around, moaning and twitching. And the dead were all
along the road. And it was wet and cold. And it all made me think of the Bible
and the story of the Anti-Christ and Armageddon.
And I'm telling you the little log cabin
in Wolf Valley in old Tennessee seemed a long long way off.
That night the orders came for us to take
Hill 223. The zero hour was set for 6 o'clock, which was just before daylight.
We were to go over the top, take the hill, and advance across the valley to the
ridges on the other side, and take them and press on to the Decauville Railroad,
which was our objective. It was a very important railroad for the Germans.
And the Lost Battalion was in there
somewhere, needing help most awful bad!
OCTOBER 8th 1918
Argonne Forest, France-- So on the morning of the 8th, just before daylight, we
started for the hill of Chattel Chehery. So before we got there it got light,
and the Germans sent over a heavy barrage and also gas, and we put on our gas
masks and just pressed right on thought those shells and got to the top of Hill
223 to where we was to start over the top at 6:10 A. M.
And they was to give us a barrage. So the
time came, and no barrage, and we had to start without one. So as we started
over the top at 6:10 A.M., and the Germans was putting their machines guns to
work all over the hill in front of us and on our left and right. So I was in
support and I could see my pals getting picked off until it almost looked like
there was none left.
This was our first offensive battle in the
Argonne. My battalion was one of the attacking battalions. My platoon was the
second. We were in support of the first. We advanced just a few yards behind
them. We got through the shells and the gas all right, and occupied Hill 223,
which was to be our jumping off place for the advance on the railroad. When the
zero hour came, we went over the top and started our advance.
We had to charge across a valley several
hundred yards wide and rush the machine gun emplacements on the ridge on the far
side. And there were machine guns on the ridges on our flanks too.
It was kind of triangular shaped valley.
So you see we were getting it from the front and both flanks. Well, the first
and second waves got about halfway across the valley and then were held up by
machine gun fire from the three sides. It was awful. Our loses were very heavy.
The advancement was stopped and we were
ordered to dig in. I don't believe our whole battalion or even our whole
division, could have taken those machine guns by a straightforward attack.
The Germans got us, and they got us right
smart. They just stopped us dead in our tracks. It was hilly country with plenty
of brush, and they had plenty of machine guns entrenched along those commanding
ridges. And I'm telling you they were shooting straight. Our boys just went down
like the long grass before the mowing machine at home. And, to make matters
worse, something had happened to our artillery and we had no barrage.
So our attack just faded out. And there we
were, lying down, about halfway across, and no barrage, and those German machine
guns and big shells getting us hard.
I just knew that we couldn't go on again
until those machine guns were mopped up. So we decided to try and get them by a
surprise attack in the rear.
We figured there must have been over
thirty of them, and they were hidden on the ridges about 300 yards in front and
on the left of us.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
So there was 17 of us boys went around on the left flank to see if we couldn't
put those guns out of action. So when we went around and fell in behind those
guns, we first saw two Germans with Red Cross bands on their arms. So we asked
them to stop, and they did not. So one of the boys shot at them and they run
back to our right. So we all run after them--
Sergeant Harry Parsons gave the command to
what was left of our squads-- my squad, Corporal Savage's squad, Corporal
Early's, and Corporal Cutting's-- to go around through the brush and try and
make the surprise attack.
According to orders, we advanced through
our front line and on through the brush and up the hill on the left. We went
very quietly and quickly. We had to. And we took care to keep well to our left.
Without any loss and in right smart time,
we were across the valley and on the hill where the machine guns were emplaced.
The brush and the hilly nature of the country hid us from the Germans.
We were nearly 300 yards in front of our
own front line. When we figured we were on top of the hill and on their left
flank, we had a little conference.
Some of the boys wanted to attack from the
flank. But Early and I and some of the others thought it would be best to go
right on over the hill and jump them from the rear. We decided on this rear
attack.
We opened up in skirmishing order and
flitting from brush to brush, quickly crossed over the hill and down into the
gully behind. Then we suddenly swung around behind them. The first Germans we
saw were two men with Red Cross bands on their arms. They jumped out of the
brush in front of us and bolted like two scared rabbits.
We called to them to surrender, and one of
our boys fired and missed. And they kept on going. We wanted to capture them
before they gave the alarm. We were now well behind the German trench and in the
rear of the machine guns that were holding up our big advance.
We were deep in the brush and we couldn't
see the Germans and they couldn't see us. But we could hear their machine guns
shooting something awful. Savage's squad was leading, and mine, Early's and
Cutting's followed.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
--And when we jumped across a little stream of water that was there, they was
about 15 or 20 Germans jumped up and threw up their hands and said, "Kamerad!"
So the one in charge of us boys told us not to shoot: they was going to give up
anyway.
It was headquarters. There were orderlies,
stretcher bearers and runners, and a major and two other officers, They were
just having breakfast and there was a mess of beef-steaks, jellies, jams, and
loaf bread around. They were unarmed, all except the major.
We jumped them right smart and covered
them, and told them to throw up their hands and to keep them up. And they did. I
guess they thought the whole American army was in their rear. And we didn't stop
to tell them anything different. No shots were fired, and there was no talking
between us except when we told them to "put them up."
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
So by this time some of the Germans from on the hill was shooting at us. Well I
was giving them the best I had, and by this time the Germans had got their
machine guns turned around and fired on us. So they killed 6 and wounded 3 of
us. So that just left 8, and then we got into it right by this time. So we had a
hard battle for a little while--
I don't know whether it was the German
major, but one yelled something out in German that we couldn't understand. And
then the machine guns on top swung around and opened fire on us. There were
about thirty of them. They were commanding us from a hillside less than thirty
yards away. They couldn't miss. And they didn't!
They killed all of Savage's squad; they
got all of mine but two; they wounded Cutting and killed two of his squad; and
Early's squad was well back in the brush on the extreme right and not yet under
the direct fire of the machine guns, and so they escaped. All except Early. He
went down with three bullets in his body. That left me in command. I was right
out there in the open.
And those machine guns were spitting fire
and cutting down the undergrowth all around me something awful. And the Germans
were yelling orders. You never heard such a 'racket in all of your life. I
didn't have time to dodge behind a tree or dive into the brush, I didn't even
have time to kneel or lie down.
I don't know what the other boys were
doing. They claim They didn't fire a shot. They said afterwards they were on the
right, guarding the prisoners. And the prisoners were lying down and the machine
guns had to shoot over them to get me. As soon as the machine guns opened fire
on me, I began to exchange shots with them.
There were over thirty of them in
continuous action, and all I could do was touch the Germans off just as fast as
I could. I was sharpshooting. I don't think I missed a shot. It was no time to
miss.
In order to sight me or to swing their
machine guns on me, the Germans had to show their heads above the trench, and
every time I saw a head I just touched it off. All the time I kept yelling at
them to come down. I didn't want to kill any more than I had to. But it was they
or I. And I was giving them the best I had.
Suddenly a German officer and five men
jumped out of the trench and charged me with fixed bayonets. I changed to the
old automatic and just touched them off too. I touched off the sixth man first,
then the fifth, then the fourth, then the third and so on. I wanted them to keep
coming.
I didn't want the rear ones to see me
touching off the front ones. I was afraid they would drop down and pump a volley
into me.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
--and I got hold of the German major, and he told me if I wouldn't kill any more
of them he would make them quit firing. So I told him all right, if he would do
it now. So he blew a little whistle, and they quit shooting and come down and
gave up.
I had killed over twenty before the German
major said he would make them give up. I covered him with my automatic and told
him if he didn't make them stop firing I would take off his head next. And he
knew I meant it. He told me if I didn't kill him, and if I stopped shooting the
others in the trench, he would make them surrender.
He blew a little whistle and they came
down and began to gather around and throw down their guns and belts. All but one
of them came off the hill with their hands up, and just before that one got to
me he threw a little hand grenade which burst in the air in front of me.
I had to touch him off. The rest
surrendered without any more trouble. There were nearly 100 of them.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
So we had about 80 or 90 Germans there disarmed, and had another line of Germans
to go through to get out. So I called for my men, and one of them answered from
behind a big oak tree, and the others were on my right in the brush.
So I said, "Let's get these Germans
out of here."
One of my men said, "it is impossible."
So I said, "No; let's get them out."
So when my man said that, this German major said, "How many have you
got?" and I said, "I have got a-plenty," and pointed my pistol at
him all the time. In this battle I was using a rifle and a .45 Colt automatic
pistol.
So I lined the Germans up in a line of
twos, and I got between the ones in front, and I had the German major before me.
So I marched them straight into those other machine guns and I got them.
The German major could speak English as
well as I could. Before the war he used to work in Chicago. And I told him to
keep his hands up and to line up his men in column of twos, and to do it in
double time. And he did it. And I lined up my men that were left on either side
of the column, and I told one to guard the rear. I ordered the prisoners to pick
up and carry our wounded.
I took the major and placed him at the
head of the column, and I got behind him and used him as a screen. I poked the
automatic in his back and told him to hike. And he hiked.
The major suggested we go down a gully,
but I knew that was the wrong way. And I told him we were not going down any
gully. We were going straight through the German front line trenches back to the
American lines.
It was their second line that I had
captured. We sure did get a long way behind the German trenches! And so I
marched them straight at that old German front line trench. And some more
machine guns swung around and began to spit at us. I told the major to blow his
whistle or I would take off his head and theirs too. So he blew his whistle and
they all surrendered--all except one. I made the major order him to surrender
twice. But he wouldn't. And I had to touch him off. I hated to do it. But I
couldn't afford to take any chances and so I had to let him have it.
There were considerably over 100 prisoners
now. It was a problem to get them back safely to our own lines. There were so
many of them, there was danger of our own artillery mistaking us for a German
counterattack and opening upon us. I sure was relieved when we ran into the
relief squads that had been sent forward through the brush to help us.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
So when I got back to my major's p.c. I had 132 prisoners.
We marched those German prisoners on back into the American lines to the
battalion p.c. (post of command), and there we came to the Intelligence
Department. Lieutenant Woods came out and counted 132 prisoners. And when he
counted them he said, "York, have you captured the whole German army?"
And I told him I had a tolerable few.
We were ordered to take them out to
regimental headquarters at Chattel Chehery, and from there all the way back to
division headquarters, and turn them over to the military police. On the way
back we were constantly under heavy shell fire and I had to double time them to
get them through safely.
There was nothing to be gained by having
any more of them wounded or killed. They had surrendered to me, and it was up to
me to look after them. And so I did.
I had orders to report to Brigadier
General Lindsey, and he said to me, "Well, York, I hear you have captured
the whole damned German army." And I told him I only had 132.
After a short talk he sent us to some
artillery kitchens, where we had a good warm meal. And it sure felt good. Then
we rejoined our outfits and with them fought through to our objective, the
Decauville Railroad.
And the Lost Battalion was able to come
out that night. We cut the Germans off from their supplies when we cut that old
railroad, and they withdrew and backed up.
OCTOBER 8th 1918 (continued)
So you can see here in this case of mine where God helped me out. I had been
living for God and working in the church some time before I come to the army. So
I am a witness to the fact that God did help me out of that hard battle; for the
bushes were shot up all around me and I never got a scratch.
So you can see that God will be with you
if you will only trust Him; and I say that He did save me. Now, He will save you
if you will only trust Him.
The next morning Captain Danforth sent me
back with some stretcher bearers to see if there were any of our American boys
that we had missed. But they were all dead. And there were a lot of German dead.
We counted twenty-eight, which is just the number of shots I fired. And there
were thirty-five machine guns and a whole mess of equipment and small arms.
The salvage corps was busy packing it up.
And I noticed the bushes all around where I stood in my fight with the machine
guns were all cut down. The bullets went over my head and on either side. But
they never touched me.
From the official report made by officers
of the Eighty-Second Division to General Headquarters:
The part which Corporal York individually played in this attack (the capture of
the Decauville Railroad) is difficult to estimate. Practically unassisted, he
captured 132 Germans (three of whom were officers), took about thirty-five
machine guns, and killed no less than twenty-five of the enemy, later found by
others on the scene of York's extraordinary exploit.
This story has been carefully checked in every possible detail from headquarters
of this division and is entirely substantiated.
Although York's statement tends to underestimate the desperate odds which he
overcame, it has been decided to forward to higher authority the account given
in his own name.
The success of this assault had a far reaching effect in relieving the enemy
pressure against American forces in the heart of the Argonne Forest.